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| − | '''''Metallica''''' is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1981. Founded when drummer Lars Ulrich posted an advertisement in a local newspaper, Metallica's line-up has primarily consisted of Ulrich, rhythm guitarist and vocalist James Hetfield, and lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, while going through a number of bassists. Currently, the spot is held by Robert Trujillo. | + | [[File:Sdfsdfg43256tghfgh78678.jpg|thumb|Metallica]] |
| | + | '''''Metallica''''' formed in 1981 when Lars Ulrich posted an advertisement in a local newspaper (The Recycler). |
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| − | Metallica's early releases included fast tempos, instrumentals, and aggressive musicianship that placed them as one of the "big four" of the thrash metal sub genre alongside Slayer, Megadeth, and Anthrax during the genre's development into a popular style. The band earned a growing fan base in the underground music community and critical acclaim, with the 1986 release Master of Puppets described as one of the most influential and "heavy" thrash metal albums. The band achieved substantial commercial success with Metallica (1991), which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. With this release the band expanded its musical direction resulting in an album that appealed to a more mainstream audience.
| + | == Band members == |
| | + | {{col-begin}} |
| | + | {{col-2}} |
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| − | Metallica has released nine studio albums,(of which, only 5 are any good) two live albums, two EPs, twenty-four music videos, and singles. The band has won nine Grammy Awards, and has had five consecutive albums debut at number one on the ''Billboard 200'', making Metallica the only band, other than the Dave Matthews Band, to do so. The band's 1991 album, ''Metallica'', has sold over 15 million copies in the United States, and 22 million copies worldwide, which makes it the 25th-highest-selling album in the country. The band has sold an estimated 100 million records worldwide as of the release of their latest album, ''Death Magnetic''. As of September 2008, Metallica is the fourth highest-selling music artist since the SoundScan era began tracking sales on May 25, 1991, selling a total of 51,136,000 albums in the United States alone.
| + | ;Current members |
| | + | *[[James Hetfield]] – [hythm guitar, main vocals (1981–present) |
| | + | *[[Kirk Hammett]] – lead guitar, backing vocals (1983–present) |
| | + | *[[Robert Trujillo]] – bass, backing vocals (2003–present) |
| | + | *[[Lars Ulrich]] – drums, percussion (1981–present) |
| | + | {{col-2}} |
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| − | ==History==
| + | ;Former members |
| − | ===Early years (1981–1983)===
| + | *[[Jason Newsted]] – bass, backing vocals (1986–2001) |
| − | Metallica was formed in Los Angeles, California, in early 1981 when drummer [[Lars Ulrich]] placed an advertisement in a Los Angeles newspaper—''The Recycler''—which read "Drummer looking for other metal musicians to jam with Tygers of Pan Tang, Diamond Head and [[Iron Maiden]]. Guitarists [[James Hetfield]] and Hugh Tanner of Leather Charm answered the advertisement. Although he had not formed a band, Ulrich asked [[Metal Blade Records]] founder [[Brian Slagel]] if he could record a song for the label's upcoming compilation ''[[Metal Massacre]]''. Slagel accepted, and Ulrich recruited Hetfield to sing and play rhythm guitar.
| + | *[[Cliff Burton]] – bass, backing vocals (1982–1986) |
| | + | *[[Dave Mustaine]] – lead guitar, backing vocals (1982–1983) |
| | + | *[[Ron McGovney]] – bass (1982) |
| | + | {{col-end}} |
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| − | Ulrich talked to his friend Ron Quintana, who was brainstorming names for a fanzine. Quintana had proposed the names Metal Mania and Metallica. Ulrich used Metallica for the name of his band. A second advertisement was placed in ''The Recycler'' for a position as lead guitarist. [[Dave Mustaine]] answered, and, after seeing his expensive guitar equipment, Ulrich and Hetfield recruited him. In early 1982, Metallica recorded its first original song "Hit the Lights" for the ''Metal Massacre I'' compilation. Hetfield played bass on the song and Lloyd Grant was credited with a guitar solo. Released on June 14, 1982, early pressings of ''Metal Massacre I'' listed the band incorrectly as "Mettallica". Although angered by the error, Metallica managed to create enough "buzz" with the song and the band played its first live show on March 14, 1982, at Radio City in Anaheim, California with newly recruited bassist Ron McGovney. Metallica recorded its first demo, ''[[Power Metal (Metallica album)|Power Metal]]'', a name inspired by Quintana's early business cards in early 1982. In the fall of 1982, Ulrich and Hetfield attended a show at the nightclub Whisky a Go Go which featured bassist [[Cliff Burton]] in a band called Trauma. The two were "blown away" by Burton's use of a wah-wah pedal and asked him to join Metallica. Hetfield and Mustaine wanted McGovney out as they thought that he "didn't contribute anything, he just followed." Although Burton initially declined the offer, by the end of the year he accepted on the condition the band move to El Cerrito in the San Francisco Bay Area. Metallica's first live performance with Burton was at the nightclub The Stone in March 1983, and the first recording to feature Burton was the 1983 ''Megaforce'' demo.
| + | == Discography == |
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| − | Metallica was ready to record its debut album, but when Metal Blade was unable to cover the additional cost, the band began looking for other options. Concert promoter [[Johny Zazula|Johnny "Z" Zazula]], who had heard the 1982 ''[[No Life 'til Leather]]'' demo, offered to broker a record deal with Metallica and New York City-based record labels. After receiving no interest from various record labels, Zazula borrowed the money to cover the record's recording budget and signed Metallica to his own label, [[Megaforce Records]]. Band members decided to kick Mustaine out of the band due to drug and [[alcohol abuse]], and violent behavior. [[Exodus (band)|Exodus]] guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]] flew in to replace Mustaine the same afternoon. Metallica's first show with Hammett was on April 16, 1983, at the nightclub The Showplace in Dover, New Jersey.
| + | * ''[[Kill 'Em All]]'' (1983) |
| | + | * ''[[Ride the Lightning]]'' (1984) |
| | + | * ''[[Master of Puppets]]'' (1986) |
| | + | * ''[[...And Justice for All (album)|...And Justice for All]]'' (1988) |
| | + | * ''[[Metallica (album)|Metallica]]'' (1991) |
| | + | * ''Load'' (1996) |
| | + | * ''ReLoad'' (1997) |
| | + | * ''St. Anger'' (2003) |
| | + | * ''Death Magnetic'' (2008) |
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| − | Mustaine, who went on to found [[Megadeth]], has expressed his dislike for Hammett in interviews. He said Hammett "stole my job." Mustaine was "pissed off" because he believes Hammett became popular by playing the guitar leads that Mustaine wrote. In a 1985 interview with ''Metal Forces'', Mustaine slammed Hammett saying, "it's real funny how Kirk Hammett ripped off every lead break I'd played on that ''[[No Life 'til Leather]]'' tape and got voted No. 1 guitarist in your magazine." On Megadeth's 1985 debut album ''[[Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!]]'', Mustaine included the song "Mechanix", which Metallica renamed as "The Four Horsemen" on ''Kill 'Em All''. Mustaine said he did this to "straighten Metallica up", as Metallica referred to Mustaine as a drunk and said he could not play guitar.
| + | == links== |
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| − | {{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
| + | <!---http://www.metallica.com/---> |
| − | {{Infobox musical artist
| + | <!---*http://www.metontour.com/---> |
| − | | Name = Metallica <!-- Do not add logos to Wikipedia articles. They have been banned by consensus discussion -->
| + | [[Category:Band]] |
| − | | Img = Metallica_at_The_O2_Arena_London_2008.jpg
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| − | | Img_capt = Metallica at [[the O2 arena (London)|the O2 arena]] in 2008. From left to right: [[Kirk Hammett]], [[Lars Ulrich]], [[James Hetfield]] and [[Robert Trujillo]].
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| − | | Img_size = 250
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| − | | Landscape = yes
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| − | | Background = group_or_band
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| − | | Origin = [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], [[United States]]
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| − | | Genre = [[Heavy metal music|Heavy metal]], [[thrash metal]], [[hard rock]], [[speed metal]]
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| − | | Years_active = <!--LEAVE THIS AS IT IS, SEE MOS:DATE-->Since 1981
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| − | | Label = [[Warner Bros. Records|Warner Bros.]], [[Elektra Records|Elektra]], [[Vertigo Records|Vertigo]], [[Megaforce Records|Megaforce]], [[Sony Music Entertainment Japan|Sony (Japan)]]
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| − | | Associated_acts = [[Megadeth]], [[Echobrain]], [[Spastik Children]], [[Leather Charm]], [[Exodus (band)|Exodus]]
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| − | | URL = [http://www.metallica.com/ www.metallica.com]
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| − | | Current_members = [[James Hetfield]]<br/>[[Lars Ulrich]]<br/>[[Kirk Hammett]]<br/>[[Robert Trujillo]]
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| − | | Past_members = <!-- Bob Rock has both writing and performing credit on 'St. Anger', but was NEVER considered an official member, he just "helped out". (Discuss on talk page) -->[[Ron McGovney]]<br/>[[Dave Mustaine]]<br/><!-- DO NOT ADD DECEASED NEXT TO BURTON'S NAME -->[[Cliff Burton]]<!-- DO NOT ADD DECEASED NEXT TO BURTON'S NAME --><br/>[[Jason Newsted]]
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| − | }}
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| − | '''Metallica''' {{IPA-en|məˈtælɨkə|}} is an American [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band from [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], formed in 1981. Founded when drummer [[Lars Ulrich]] posted an advertisement in a local newspaper, Metallica's line-up has primarily consisted of Ulrich, [[rhythm guitarist]] and vocalist [[James Hetfield]], and [[lead guitarist]] [[Kirk Hammett]], while going through a number of [[bassist]]s. Currently, the spot is held by [[Robert Trujillo]].
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| − | Metallica's early releases included fast [[tempos]], [[instrumentals]], and aggressive [[musicianship]] that placed them as one of the "big four" of the [[thrash metal]] subgenre alongside [[Slayer]], [[Megadeth]], and [[Anthrax (band)|Anthrax]] during the genre's development into a popular style.<ref name="Get Thrashed: The Story of Thrash Metal"/> The band earned a growing fan base in the [[underground music]] community and critical acclaim, with the 1986 release ''[[Master of Puppets]]'' described as one of the most influential and "heavy" thrash metal albums. The band achieved substantial commercial success with ''[[Metallica (album)|Metallica]]'' (1991), which debuted at number one on the ''[[Billboard 200]]''. With this release the band expanded its musical direction resulting in an album that appealed to a more [[mainstream (terminology)|mainstream]] audience.
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| − | In 2000, Metallica was among several artists who filed a lawsuit against [[Napster]] for sharing the band's copyright-protected material for free without the band members' consent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/2000/04/14/mu4.html |title=Metallica Sues Napster - Forbes.com |publisher=Forbes.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-05}}</ref> A settlement was reached, and Napster became a pay-to-use service. Despite reaching number one on the ''Billboard 200'', the release of ''[[St. Anger]]'' alienated many fans with the exclusion of [[guitar solos]] and the "steel-sounding" [[snare drum]]. A film titled ''[[Some Kind of Monster (film)|Some Kind of Monster]]'' documented the recording process of ''St. Anger''.
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| − | Metallica has released nine [[studio album]]s, two [[live album]]s, two [[Extended play|EPs]], twenty-four [[music video]]s, and forty-five [[single (music)|singles]]. The band has won nine [[Grammy Awards]], and has had five consecutive albums debut at number one on the ''Billboard 200'', making Metallica the only band, other than the [[Dave Matthews Band]], to do so.<ref name="RIAA Top Sellers"/> The band's 1991 album, ''Metallica'', has sold over 15 million copies in the United States, and 22 million copies worldwide, which makes it the 25th-highest-selling album in the country.<ref name="RIAA database"/> The band has sold an estimated 100 million records worldwide as of the release of their latest album, ''[[Death Magnetic]]''. As of September 2008, Metallica is the fourth highest-selling music artist since the [[SoundScan]] era began tracking sales on May 25, 1991, selling a total of 51,136,000 albums in the United States alone.<ref>[http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/2008-us-music-purchases-exceed/story.aspx?guid=%7B6335B083-3284-461F-A0C7-C018F0997DBA%7D&dist=msr_3 TOP SELLERS IN SOUNDSCAN ERA:]</ref>
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| − | | |
| − | ==History==
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| − | ===Early years (1981–1983)===
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| − | Metallica was formed in [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], in early 1981 when drummer [[Lars Ulrich]] placed an advertisement in a Los Angeles newspaper—''[[The Recycler]]''—which read "Drummer looking for other metal musicians to [[jam (music)|jam]] with [[Tygers of Pan Tang]], [[Diamond Head (band)|Diamond Head]] and [[Iron Maiden]]."<ref name="Metallica timeline Early 1981 - Early 1982"/> Guitarists [[James Hetfield]] and Hugh Tanner of [[Leather Charm]] answered the advertisement. Although he had not formed a band, Ulrich asked [[Metal Blade Records]] founder [[Brian Slagel]] if he could record a song for the label's upcoming compilation ''[[Metal Massacre]]''. Slagel accepted, and Ulrich recruited Hetfield to sing and play [[rhythm guitar]].<ref name="Metallica timeline Early 1981 - Early 1982">{{cite web |title=Metallica Timeline Early 1981 – Early 1982 |url=http://www.mtv.com/onair/icon/metallica/timeline/?id=1 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5h73iF8Ol |work=MTV.com |publisher=MTV Networks |archivedate=May 28, 2009 |accessdate=May 28, 2009}}</ref>
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| − | Ulrich talked to his friend Ron Quintana, who was brainstorming names for a [[fanzine]]. Quintana had proposed the names Metal Mania and Metallica. Ulrich used Metallica for the name of his band. A second advertisement was placed in ''The Recycler'' for a position as [[lead guitarist]]. [[Dave Mustaine]] answered, and, after seeing his expensive guitar equipment, Ulrich and Hetfield recruited him. In early 1982, Metallica recorded its first original song "Hit the Lights" for the ''Metal Massacre I'' compilation. Hetfield played bass on the song and [[Lloyd Grant]] was credited with a guitar solo.<ref name="Metallica timeline Early 1981 - Early 1982"/> Released on June 14, 1982, early pressings of ''Metal Massacre I'' listed the band incorrectly as "Mettallica". Although angered by the error, Metallica managed to create enough "[[Word of mouth|buzz]]" with the song and the band played its first live show on March 14, 1982, at [[Radio City]] in [[Anaheim, California]] with newly recruited bassist [[Ron McGovney]].<ref name="Metallica timeline March 14, 1982 - July 6, 1982">{{cite web |title=Metallica Timeline March 14, 1982 – July 6, 1982 |url=http://www.mtv.com/onair/icon/metallica/timeline/?id=2 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5h747w4yB |work=MTV.com |publisher=MTV Networks |archivedate=May 28, 2009 |accessdate=May 28, 2009}}</ref> Metallica recorded its first demo, ''[[Power Metal (Metallica album)|Power Metal]]'', a name inspired by Quintana's early business cards in early 1982. In the fall of 1982, Ulrich and Hetfield attended a show at the nightclub [[Whisky a Go Go]] which featured bassist [[Cliff Burton]] in a band called Trauma. The two were "blown away" by Burton's use of a [[wah-wah pedal]] and asked him to join Metallica. Hetfield and Mustaine wanted McGovney out as they thought that he "didn't contribute anything, he just followed."<ref name="Metallica timeline Fall 1982 - April 16, 1983"/> Although Burton initially declined the offer, by the end of the year he accepted on the condition the band move to [[El_Cerrito,_Contra_Costa_County,_California|El Cerrito]] in the [[San Francisco Bay Area]]. Metallica's first live performance with Burton was at the nightclub The Stone in March 1983, and the first recording to feature Burton was the 1983 ''[[Metallica demos#Megaforce Demo|Megaforce]]'' demo.<ref name="Metallica timeline Fall 1982 - April 16, 1983">{{cite web |title=Metallica Timeline Fall 1982 – April 16, 1983 |url=http://www.mtv.com/onair/icon/metallica/timeline/?id=3 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5hBuBZnaR |work=MTV.com |publisher=MTV Networks |archivedate=May 31, 2009 |accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref>
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| − | Metallica was ready to record its debut album, but when Metal Blade was unable to cover the additional cost, the band began looking for other options. Concert promoter [[Johny Zazula|Johnny "Z" Zazula]], who had heard the 1982 ''[[No Life 'til Leather]]'' demo, offered to broker a record deal with Metallica and New York City-based record labels. After receiving no interest from various record labels, Zazula borrowed the money to cover the record's recording budget and signed Metallica to his own label, [[Megaforce Records]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Christe|2003|p=86}}</ref> Band members decided to kick Mustaine out of the band due to drug and [[alcohol abuse]], and violent behavior.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Cecolini |first=Vinny |year=1998 |month=November |title=Foreclosure of a Team |journal=Metal Hammer}}</ref> [[Exodus (band)|Exodus]] guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]] flew in to replace Mustaine the same afternoon. Metallica's first show with Hammett was on April 16, 1983, at the nightclub The Showplace in [[Dover, New Jersey]].<ref name="Metallica timeline Fall 1982 - April 16, 1983"/>
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| − | Mustaine, who went on to found [[Megadeth]], has expressed his dislike for Hammett in interviews. He said Hammett "stole my job."<ref name="Dave Mustaine: James Hetfield Is Jealous Of Me">{{cite web |title=Dave Mustaine: James Hetfield Is Jealous Of Me |url=http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=27141 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5hBun2sKu |work=BlabberMouth.net |date=September 21, 2004 |archivedate=May 31, 2009 |accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref> Mustaine was "pissed off" because he believes Hammett became popular by playing the guitar leads that Mustaine wrote.<ref name="Dave Mustaine Back in Buisness">{{cite web |author=AskMen.com Editors |title=Interview: Dave Mustaine news |url=http://www.askmen.com/celebs/interview_100/149b_dave_mustaine_interview.html |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5hBvB86jd |work=AskMen.com |publisher=IGN Entertainment |archivedate=May 31, 2009 |accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref> In a 1985 interview with ''[[Metal Forces]]'', Mustaine slammed Hammett saying, "it's real funny how Kirk Hammett ripped off every lead break I'd played on that ''[[No Life 'til Leather]]'' tape and got voted No. 1 guitarist in your magazine."<ref name="Metal Forces">{{cite web |title=Love it to Death – Bernard Doe speaks to Dave Mustaine about life after Metallica |last=Doe |first=Bernard |publisher=Rockdetector.com
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| − | |url=http://www.rockdetector.com/interviews/artist,5744.sm?id=14
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| − | |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071209163325/http://www.rockdetector.com/interviews/artist,5744.sm?id=14 |archivedate=December 9, 2007 |accessdate=December 6, 2007}}</ref> On Megadeth's 1985 debut album ''[[Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!]]'', Mustaine included the song "Mechanix", which Metallica renamed as "The Four Horsemen" on ''Kill 'Em All''. Mustaine said he did this to "straighten Metallica up", as Metallica referred to Mustaine as a drunk and said he could not play guitar.<ref name="Metal Forces"/>
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| − | ===''Kill 'Em All'' ===
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| − | In 1983, Metallica traveled to Rochester, New York to record its first album, ''Metal up Your Ass'', with production duties handled by Paul Curcio. Due to conflicts with the band's record label and the distributors' refusal to release an album with that name, it was renamed ''[[Kill 'Em All]]''. Released on Megaforce Records in the United States and Music for Nations in Europe, the album peaked on the ''Billboard 200'' at number 120, and although the album was not initially a financial success, it earned Metallica a growing fan base in the underground metal scene. The band embarked on the Kill 'Em All For One tour with Raven to support the release. In February 1984, Metallica supported Venom] on the Seven Dates of Hell tour, where they performed in front of 7,000 people at the Aardschok Festival in Zwolle, Netherlands.
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| − | === ''Ride the Lightning''===
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| − | Metallica recorded its second studio album, ''[[Ride the Lightning]]'', at Sweet Silence Studios in [[Copenhagen, Denmark]]. Released in August 1984, the album peaked at number 100 on the ''Billboard 200''. A French printing press mistakenly printed green covers for the album, which are now considered collectors' items. Other songs on the album include "[[For Whom the Bell Tolls]]", "[[Fade to Black|Fade to Black]]", "[[Creeping Death]]" (which tells the biblical story of the Hebrews' exodus from slavery in Egypt, focusing on the various plagues that were visited on the Egyptians), and the instrumental "The Call of Ktulu". Mustaine received a writing credit for "Ride the Lightning" and "The Call of Ktulu".
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| − | ===''Master of Puppets'' (1984–1986)===
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| − | [[File:Metallica, Damage Inc tour.jpg|thumb|Damage Inc. Tour 1986]]
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| − | [[Elektra Records]] [[A&R]] director Michael Alago, and co-founder of Q-Prime Management Cliff Burnstein, attended a September 1984 Metallica concert. Impressed with what they saw, they signed Metallica to Elektra Records and made the band a client of Q-Prime Management.<ref name="Metallica timeline Fall, 1984 - March 27, 1986">{{cite web |title=Metallica Timeline Fall, 1984 – March 27, 1986 |url=http://www.mtv.com/onair/icon/metallica/timeline/?id=6 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5hEnas3Pr |work=MTV.com |publisher=MTV Networks |archivedate=June 2, 2009 |accessdate=June 2, 2009}}</ref> Metallica's burgeoning success was such that the band's British label Music for Nations issued a limited edition Creeping Death EP, which sold 40,000 copies as an import in the U.S. Two of the three songs on the record ([[cover version]]s of [[Diamond Head (band)|Diamond Head]]'s "[[Am I Evil?]]", and [[Blitzkrieg (band)|Blitzkrieg]]'s "Blitzkrieg") appeared on the 1989 Elektra reissue of Kill 'Em All.<ref>{{Harvnb|Christe|2003|p=130}}</ref> Metallica embarked on its first major European tour with [[Tank (band)|Tank]] to an average crowd of 1,300. Returning to the U.S. marked a tour co-headlining with [[W.A.S.P.]] and [[Armored Saint]] supporting. Metallica played its largest show at the [[Monsters of Rock]] festival on August 17, 1985, with [[Bon Jovi]] and [[Ratt]] at [[Donington Park#Music Festivals|Donington Park]] in England, playing in front of 70,000 people. A show in [[Oakland, California]], at the [[Day on the Green]] festival saw the band play in front of a crowd of 60,000.<ref name="Metallica timeline Fall, 1984 - March 27, 1986" />
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